| 融资视角下两票制对医药供应链的影响 |
| Impact of the two-invoice mechanism on pharmaceutical supply chain: From the financing perspective |
| 摘要点击 59 全文点击 0 投稿时间：2024-11-25 修订日期：2025-11-19 |
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| 中文关键词 医药供应链；需求不确定性；供应链融资；两票制 |
| 英文关键词 pharmaceutical supply chain; demand uncertainty; supply chain financing; two-invoice mechanism |
| 基金项目 国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）,创新研究群体科学基金 |
| 投稿方向 医药供应链 |
| 作者 | 单位 | 邮编 | | 黄伟祥 | 华南理工大学 | 510641 | | 周文慧 | 华南理工大学 | | | 王冬梅* | 西南科技大学 | 621010 | | 桑青原 | 华南理工大学 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为降低我国药品价格，政府推行药品采购“两票制”（即规定药品从生产企业到流通企业开一次发票，从流通企业到医疗机构再开一次发票），压缩医药供应链以及减少相关交易成本。在考虑需求不确定性和融资问题的基础上，通过构建Stackelberg博弈模型研究了两票制对医药供应链的影响。特别地，引入该机制前（后），经销商从代理（银行）处获得融资。结果表明，两票制虽然能降低药品的市场价格，但可能减少药品供应量或者/以及降低药品生产商利润。降低需求不确定性或者银行融资成本能够有效缓解这些负面效果，而同时降低它们却可能导致更差的结果。最后，分析了另一种融资方案，即采购订单融资。该融资方案将提高药品的市场价格，但在特定情况下能增加药品供应量。 |
| 英文摘要 |
| To make drug more affordable to the general public, the Chinese government introduced the so-called “two-invoice mechanism”, which requires that drugs should be invoiced once from the manufacturer to the distribution company and once again from the distribution company to the medical institution, to shorten the pharmaceutical supply chain by compulsorily reducing the number of transactions/parties in distribution. We study the impact of the two-invoice mechanism on pharmaceutical supply chain with the consideration of demand uncertainty and financing issue through constructing Stackelberg game models. In particular, before (resp., after) the introduction mechanism, the reseller seeks financial aid from an agent (resp. , a bank). We find that although the mechanism can reduce drug price indeed, it may reduce drug supply or decrease the manufacturer's profit. Nevertheless, these side effects vanish under some conditions, e. g., in the absence of demand uncertainty or the bank financing cost is low. However, reducing demand uncertainty and financing cost simultaneously may result in worse situations. Furthermore, we examine an alternative financing scheme for the mechanism, which is known as purchase order financing. Switching to this financing scheme will increase the drug price, but can increase drug supply under some condition. |
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